簡單說明常用 Javascript encode(編碼) 、decode(解碼) 使用方法與注意事項
encodeURI
encodeURI 會將所有字符全部進行編碼，但少數符號字符將不被轉義，因此特性，所以不適合用於 URL 的處理(POST , GET)。
| 類型 | 包含 |
|---|---|
| 保留字符 | ; , / ? : @ & = + $ |
| 非轉義字符 | 字母(A-Za-z) 數字(0-9)，以及符號-_.!~*'() |
| 視為數字符號 | # |
Example：
console.log(encodeURI('abc~! _'))
// 'abc~!%20_'console.log(encodeURI('@#$%^&'))
// '@#$%25%5E&'console.log(encodeURI('+-*/'))
// '+-*/'console.log(encodeURI('()|\\"\''))
// "()%7C%5C%22'"decodeURI
decodeURI 會將所有字符全部進行編碼，不適合用於頁面 URL 的處理，用法如下：
console.log(decodeURI('abc~!%20_'))
// 'abc~! _'console.log(decodeURI('@#$%25%5E&'))
// '@#$%^&'console.log(decodeURI('+-*/'))
// '+-*/'console.log(decodeURI("()%7C%5C%22'"))
// `()|\\"'`encodeURIComponent()
| 類型 | 包含 |
|---|---|
| 保留字符 | ~!*()’ |
| 非轉義字符 | 字母(A-Za-z) 數字(0-9) |
encodeURIComponent() 會將字串轉換為 UTF-8 編碼字元，適合用於POST、GET的參數以及一般URL的編碼，可避免字符在轉義後，遭不正確中斷問題。
var c = 'ddd&eee'
var url = 'domain.com/a&b?c=' + c + '&f=ggg'
// 得到URL : domain.com/a&b?c=ddd&eee&f=ggg上面範例我們可以看到，我們希望得到一個帶有GET c = ddd&eee 與 f=ggg 的URL，一般情不轉義況下直接組合，實際上會得到c = ddd , eee , f=ggg 三筆GET資料。
而這裡如果使用 encodeURI 來進行編碼，也不會得到正確的結果，因為符號&是encodeURI 的保留字符，所以並不會進行處理，如下：
var c = encodeURI('ddd&eee')
// c = 'ddd&eee'所以在處理URL 時，通常會針對參數，使用 encodeURIComponent 進行編碼處理，這樣就可以完整正確地將URL，如下：
var c = encodeURIComponent('ddd&eee')
// c = 'ddd%26eee'
var url = 'domain.com/a&b?c=' + c + '&f=ggg'
// 得到URL : domain.com/a&b?c=ddd%26eee&f=gggdecodeURIComponent()
用於對 encodeURIComponent()編碼過的資料進行解碼，如下：
var c = encodeURIComponent('ddd&eee')
// c = 'ddd%26eee'
var url = 'domain.com/a&b?c=' + c + '&f=ggg'
// 'domain.com/a&b?c=ddd&eee&f=ggg'
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